• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    12 (12) ABSTRACT A harvester head having an actuator (17) for feeding-out and retuming a pivotal saWassembly (13) in a harVester. In prior art designs, in course of time, there is some risk ofmaterial failure through exhaustion due to an impact When the saw assembly (13) retums toits retracted end position. To prevent such an impact or at least considerably reduce itsharmful effects, the harvester head comprises: a shock absorber (190) for absorbing an impact upon an arriVal of the saW assembly (13) at its retracted end position.
    公开号:SE1350982A1
    申请号:SE1350982
    申请日:2013-08-27
    公开日:2015-02-28
    发明作者:Stefan Bergquist
    申请人:Hultdin System Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a harvester assembly having an actuator for discharging and retrieving a rotatable saw in a harvester. The said actuator can also be used for discharging and retrieving a rotatable saw in, for example, a drop head, a gripping saw, twigs or wood machine, etc.
    TECHNICAL BACKGROUND Such a maneuver for a harvester unit is described in 6,158,322 (Ornberg), where a saw for a harvester has a saw chain which rips around a bar and a sprocket, a bar holder which is rotatably mounted on the saw stand, a saw motor drives the sprocket, as well as a device for discharging and feeding a sword. The discharge and feed device is preferably a hydraulic cylinder mounted on the stand and having a piston rod. The movements of the piston rod are transferred to the rotatable pivot holder by means of a rotatably fixed first gear which is connected to the pivot holder and has a gear ring which cooperates with the piston rod, which has the shape of a rack.
    Such an actuator for a harvester assembly is described in US 5,802,946 (Leini), where a drive device with an extremely small vertical height for a chain saw, in particular in a timber harvester, comprises a drive motor, a holder with a clamping device for holding a saw blade, a bearing unit which allows the holder to rotate in relation to the motor and a swivel device is allowed to transport liquid from the motor to the bar through closed channels and grooves. The bearing unit and the swivel device have openings with sufficiently large inner diameters so that the bearing unit and the swivel device fit around the motor, thereby avoiding the need to mount these elements on top of each other. A turning device includes a hydraulic cylinder, i.e. a hydraulically maneuvered piston and cylinder unit, rotates the answering machine.
    In the two constructions according to the prior art, as referred to above, there is over time a certain risk of RV material fatigue failure. due to a st8t nth- sdgdonet atergfir to its withdrawn andldge. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to prevent such a shock, or to at least substantially reduce its harmful effects. In a harvester assembly of the type set forth in the first paragraph above, this object is achieved according to the present invention in that the harvester assembly comprises a state steamer for absorbing a bump on arrival of said sawdust to a home warehouse.
    A shock absorber absorbs so much of the shock that the shock no longer has a flake detrimental effect. This will consequently allow an operator to work faster as the time required for the return stroke of the sawmill can be significantly reduced, this due to the fact that the feeding of a wire trunk through the harvester assembly to the next section cannot be carried out until the return stroke of the rotatable sawmill has been completed. the rotatable saw does not block the passage of the trunk. The faster the return stroke can be performed, the more time is saved and the more productivity can increase, but the faster the rotatable saw moves during its return stroke, the stronger a bump against an impact will be. The provision of a steamer therefore makes it possible to use higher return speeds than hitherto possible and thereby increase productivity. The shock absorber may be mounted to absorb the shock from the rotatable sawmill against an abutment provided in a housing of the harvester assembly, but preferably the shock absorber enters the actuator. As a result, the stopping of the return movement of the rotatable saw unit at its output and rest days will not, over time, damage the attachment of the rotatable saw unit to the housing of the harvester assembly.
    The shock absorber can be hydraulic or pneumatic, but it is preferably mechanical. A mechanical shock absorber is simple and cost-effective and it is also less susceptible to temperature changes between, for example, summer and winter conditions.
    The actuator preferably comprises an element which is axially movable between two spirits, one of which corresponds to a fully retracted saw, and wherein the axially movable element has a spirit which engages with a rotatable element for the discharge and return of the rotatable saw. In a preferred embodiment, said rotatable element is a geared rotating wheel and said axially movable element is a piston rod having a spirit shaped as a rack for co-operating with the gear for the discharge and return of the rotatable saw. This does not change the length of the torque arm (radius arm) and in addition all parts are enclosed in a single unit and the piston rod is protected so that 3 (11) armed allow a higher degree of utilization of the gripper cord than is the case with man & verdon according to is protected.
    The shock absorber preferably comprises a spring retainer which is mounted in an axial hall in the piston rod. The spring retainer has a head and a shaft and the head projects axially from an axial end face of the piston rod. The shaft is surrounded by at least one compression spring which is compressed between the head and a bottom of the tail. As a result, the piston rod is the only component that needs to be modified with the built-in steamer in mind.
    The axial tail is typically offset radially from a longitudinal axis of the piston rod. Throughout, the hole does not have an oblique diameter of the piston rod even though it is located in the rack-shaped part of the piston rod.
    It is preferred that the spring retainer be secured to the piston rod by means of a transverse pin and that either the head or the piston rod have a transverse shaft for the pin which is dimensioned to allow the pin to move in the diameter direction of the transverse pin in the axial direction of fjdderhallaren. Thereby, the spring retainer can describe a limited axial movement in relation to the piston rod depending on the compression and relaxation of the compression stage to absorb a shock.
    Although helical compression springs can be used, said at least one compression spring is preferably a stack of Belleville washers. Belleville washers are cost effective and easy to install.
    The Belleville trays are suitably arranged in a plurality of successive stacks in alternately opposite directions. This makes it easy to adapt the feeder to the expected force and to obtain the desired damping length.
    It is also preferred that the shaft have a spirit provided with a threaded axial halo, in which case at least one spring protrudes tangentially the entire length of the shaft and in which a screw having a head with a stone diameter of a diameter of the shaft is screwed in. in the threaded tail to retain the said at least one spring on the shaft when mounting the shock absorber. Thereby it is possible to pre-mount the Belleville washers on the screw to form a feeder package and no washer will be lost during assembly or disassembly of the package in the actuator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the following, the invention will be described in more detail with reference to preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
    Fig. 1 is a schematic view from above, partly in cross section, of a preferred embodiment of a saw device for a harvester unit and illustrates its discharge and return device for a saw blade in a partially discharged layer and Amen a built-in lubricating oil pump.
    Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a piston rod which is part of the discharge and feeding device and which has a shock absorber.
    Fig. 3 is a view of the piston rod of Fig. 2.
    Fig. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the piston rod taken along the line IV-IV in Fig. 3.
    Fig. 5 shows a circled portion marked with the circle V in Fig. 4 on a stone scale.
    Fig. 6 is a side view of the shock absorber used in the piston rod of Figs. 2-5.
    Fig. 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the shock absorber taken along the line VII-VII in Fig. 6.
    Fig. 8 is a schematic view, partly in cross-section, of another embodiment of a saw unit for a harvester assembly and illustrates its discharge and return device for a saw blade.
    SET FOR EXERCISE OF THE INVENTION Fig. 1 schematically shows parts of a saw device 13, which are mounted in a so-called saw blade, which is intended for installation in a harvester. The saw 13 comprises a stand 1, a sword holder 2 and a sword 3, which are mounted on the sword holder 2 by means of suitable sword fasteners and mounting means so that a displaceable unit is formed, which includes said sword 3. A saw chain 4 runs around the sword 3 and a sprocket (not shown), which is driven by a saw motor (not shown) placed under a cap 50. The saw motor is fixedly fixed inside the frame 1. The swivel holder 2 is rotatably mounted in relation to the stand 1 to be rotated in a controlled manner about a axis coinciding with the center axis of the sagnar motor.
    The displaceable unit is thus mounted on the bar holder 2 so that the bar 3 can be displaced in relation to the bar 2 in a direction corresponding to the longitudinal center line 11 of the bar 3 and which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation 10. A first hydraulic piston cylinder (not shown) is provided in one of the sword fasteners may be activated by a hydraulic circuit system of the saw device via a directional valve and a connection comprising a 5 (11) outer conduit 12 for projecting the unit in relation to the sword holder 2 sa. that, during the operation of the saw, the bar 3 in the unit automatically hails the saw chain 4 stretched. A second hydraulic piston cylinder (not shown) is arranged in one of the swivel fasteners to act parallel to the axis of rotation to press against the swivel holder 2 in a controlled manner so as to flexibly fix the movable unit to the swivel holder 2. The second piston cylinder is also affected by the pressure. in said hydraulic circuit system via said outer line 12.
    The saw device 13 comprises a device 14 for controlled discharge of the bar 3 and return thereof by rotating the bar holder 2 about the axis of rotation 10. The discharge and return device 14 comprises a hydraulic piston and cylinder actuator 17 having a piston cylinder 18, which is coated behind the sword 3 seen in its direction of movement and parallel to the sword 3 when this is in its starting position before a sawing operation. The hydraulic actuator 17 has a piston rod 19 which has a duct portion shaped as a rack, the side of which water against the axis of rotation 10 is provided with a portion with a plurality of teeth 20 - twelve teeth in the embodiment shown. Hydraulic fluid is supplied to and diverted from two pressure chambers 21, 22, all provided in the piston cylinder 18, via lines 23, 24 which are connected to a hydraulic circuit system of the saw device via a directional valve (not shown), which pressure chambers 21, 22 are discharged by a piston the piston rod 19. The discharge and retraction device 14 also comprises a gear 26 with a gear ring 27, with which the rack of the piston rod 19 of the hydraulic actuator engages. The gear 26 is fixedly connected to the swivel holder 2 together with it to form a unit which can be rotated about the axis of rotation 10.
    The saw device 13 also comprises a lubricating oil pump 38, which is arranged to supply the saw chain 4 with lubricating oil and the blade 3 is discharged. In the embodiment shown, the lubricating oil pump is built into the hydraulic actuator 17 itself to form an integrated unit with and is operated by it. The lubricating oil pump 38 comprises a central, longitudinally extending pump chamber 39 inside the piston rod 19 in the duct portion attached to the piston and facing the piston cylinder 18, and also a center tube projecting through the piston cylinder 18 and into said pump chamber 39, so that a spirit are always located in the pump chamber 39. The pump chamber 39 is closed from the pressure chamber 21 of the hydraulic actuator 17 by means of suitable sealing elements 41, which comprise a sealing ring 42. The hydraulic actuator 17 is closed by the spirit migrating away from the piston rod 19 by means of a valve housing 43, into which said center tube 35 few fixed mounting protrudes therein. The pump chamber 39 is supplied with lubricating oil from a lubricating oil tank 44 via an outer line 45, a first channel 46 in the valve housing 43 and the center pipe 40. Lubricating oil is pumped out of the pump chamber 39 via the central pipe 40, a second channel 47 in the valve housing 43 and an outer line 48. dr connected to an inlet 49 in a cutter of the saw motor. The first and second channels 46, 47 in the valve housing 43 are provided with check valves 51 and 52, respectively. It will be appreciated that lubricant is pumped out of the pump chamber 39 as the piston rod 19 is moved toward the valve housing 43 to initiate a sawing operation, the volume of the pump chamber 39 is reduced due to the fact that a stone portion of the center tube is located inside the pump chamber 39. When the saw blade 3 returns from the piston rod 19 which is moved in the opposite direction, the volume in the pump chamber 39 increases accordingly Due to the reduced pressure now occurring in the pump chamber 39, the lubricant will be sucked into the pump chamber 39 from the lubricating oil tank 44 via the line 45, the duct 46 with its opened check valve 51 and the center pipe 40. From the inlet 49 the lubricant is led to the saw chain 4 via connections (not shown) in the saw motor, gear 26, swivel holder 2 and a conduit 53 having its mouth near the saw chain n 4.
    In constructions according to prior art, there is over time a certain risk of material fatigue failure due to a shock when the saw device 13, after performing a cutting operation, returns to the sieve surface, ie. output or idle layer. The hydraulic actuator comprises an axially movable element having a spirit which engages a wheel for discharging and returning the rotatable saw device 13 and for preventing such a shock or at least substantially reducing its harmful effects the hydraulic actuator 17 comprises a shock absorber. Steamers for absorbing a shock on arrival of an axially movable element of the actuator to a bearing corresponding to a saw 13 in the home position. A shock absorber absorbs so much of the shock that the shock no longer has any harmful effect.
    Although other embodiments are conceivable, the axially movable element of the hydraulic actuator 17, in the preferred embodiment illustrated in Figures 2-7, is the piston rod 19, which is axially movable between two ends, one of which corresponds to a complete return. saw device 13 and wherein said element has a spirit which engages with a wheel for the discharge and return of the rotatable saw device 13. The piston rod is basically a rod with a round cross section. In one spirit it is designed to allow attachment of the piston and it also has a hall which forms the pump chamber 39. In its second spirit it has a duct portion misaligned with the teeth and which forms a rack which engages with the latter 26. This latter spirit of the piston rod 19 also has a face surface 70, which in the preferred embodiment shown is provided with a ledge-shaped hal 71 for accommodating a shock clamp 190, which prevents the end face 70 of the piston rod 19 from abutting a cradle portion of the frame 1 when the saw 13, after a cutting operation, returns to sift andlage. A shock absorber absorbs so much of the shock that the shock does not cause the lung to have any harmful effect. If desired, it is of course also possible to place the shock absorber in other positions which are exposed to shock forces on the arrival of the saw 13 to its 7 (11) starting or resting position after a cutting operation. The shock absorber 190 could, for example, be mounted on the circumferential surface of the piston rod 19 or in the cradle of the frame 1 or even in a connection between the piston rod and the wheel for rotating the saw device 13.
    The shock absorber 190 could also be located inside the cylinder 18 of the hydraulic actuator 17, e.g. in the pressure chamber 22. Although the shock absorber 190 may be hydraulic or pneumatic, it is preferably mechanical. A mechanical shock absorber is less likely to cause temperature changes between summer and winter conditions. In the preferred embodiment shown in the drawings, the shock absorber 190 preferably includes a spring retainer 191 mounted in the ledge axial hole 71 in the piston rod 19. The spring retainer 191 has a head 192 and a shaft 193 and the head 192 projects axially from the axial end face 70 of piston rod 19. The shaft 193 is surrounded by at least one compression spring 194 which is compressed between the head 192 and a ledge 72 of the ledge tail 71. Thereby, the piston rod 19 is the only component which must be modified in view of the installation of the shock absorber 190.
    As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the ledge axial tail 71 is offset radially from a longitudinal axis of the piston rod 19. As a result, the tail 71 does not have an increased diameter of the piston rod 19 despite being located in the rack-shaped part of the piston rod 19.
    It is preferred that the spring retainer 191 be secured to the piston rod 19 by means of a transverse pin 195 (Fig. 5) and that either the head 192 or the piston rod 19 have a transverse shaft 196 for the pin 195 which is dimensioned to allow the pin 195 to move in the diameter direction of the transverse tail 196 in the axial direction of the spring retainer 191.
    Thereby, the spring retainer 191 can describe a limited axial movement in relation to the piston rod 19 depending on compression and relaxation of the compression spring 194 to absorb a shock. In a preferred embodiment, the head 192 axially projects a distance of about 1 mm from the front surface 70 of the piston rod 19. In other words, the shock absorber 190 has a shock absorbing length of about 1 mm.
    Although helical compression springs may be used, the said at least one compression spring 194 preferably a stack 197 of Belleville washers. A Belleville washer is a type of spring that is designed as a washer. It has a truncated conform which gives the washer a spring characteristic. Fine properties of Belleville washers include: high fatigue life, better space utilization, low lcryptendensity, high load capacity with small spring compression and the possibility of large hysteresis (steaming) by stacking several Belleville washers on top of each other in the same direction. Several Belleville washers can be stacked on top of each other to modify the spring constant or the degree of compression 8 (11). Stacking in the same direction will add the spring constant in parallel, creating a stiffer conveyor belt (with the same compression). Stacking in the alternating direction is the same as adding springs in series, which results in a lower spring constant and stone compression flaking. Mixing and matching of directions allows a specific flutter constant and compression capacity to be formed.
    The Belleville trays are suitably arranged in a plurality of successive stacks 197, 198 with alternately opposite directions of the trays. In the preferred embodiment shown in Figures 6 and 7, there are four stacks, each containing 23 Belleville trays and all the trays in a stack in the same direction, but the direction in each stack is opposite to that in an adjacent stack. This makes it easy to adapt the spring to the desired power and to obtain the desired steaming length.
    It is also preferred that the shaft 193 have a spirit which is provided with a pivoted axial 15, the said at least one spring 194 projecting along the entire length of the shaft 193, and that a screw 199 which carries a head with a slightly larger diameter than a diameter of the shaft 193 is screwed into the threaded tail to retain the at least one spring 194 on the shaft 193 when mounting the shock absorber 190. Thereby it is possible to pre-mount the Belleville washers on the screw to form a spring package and no washer 20 will be dropped at mounting or disassembly of the package in the actuator.
    The present invention is not limited to the most preferred embodiment shown in Figures 1-7 and described above, but may be modified within the scope of the appended claims. As an example, shown in Fig. 8, a rotatable element, e.g. an arm 26 'or other sea means, replacing the gear 26 with which the axially movable element 19 engages the discharge and return of the rotatable saw device 13. However, the gear 26 is preferred because it will provide a constant torque, while an arm 26 'or another sea member will give a varying torque in the discharge of the rotatable saw device 13. If an arm 26' or another sea member is used for rotation 30 of the saw device 13, the mechanical shock absorber, even if not shown, in case be a steaming element, for example of suitable rubber or plastic, which is fixed to said arm or sea means or to the stop provided in the housing of the harvester assembly. Furthermore, the rotation of the saw device 13 can also be effected by the rotor of a motor, which in that case constitutes the actuator 17.
    INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The harvester assembly according to the present invention can be used to perform a falling and cutting operation in a harvester.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1] 1. . A harvester head having an actuator (17) for feeding-out and retuming a pivotal saw assembly (13) in a harvester, said harvester head comprising: a shock absorber (190) for absorbing an impact upon an arrival of said saw assembly (13) at a home position.
    [2] 2. . A harvester head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shock absorber (190) is included in the actuator (17).
    [3] 3. . A harvester head as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the shock absorber (190) is mechanical.
    [4] 4. . A harvester head as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, wherein said actuator (17) includes a member (19) that is axially movable between two end positions, one ofwhich corresponds to a completely retumed saw assembly (13), and said axiallymovable member (19) has one end engaging a pivotal member (26) for the feeding-out and the retuming of the pivotal saw assembly (13).
    [5] 5. . A harvester head as claimed in claim 4, wherein said pivotal member is a toothed rotary wheel (26) and said axially movable member is a piston rod (19) having one end shapedas a rack for cooperation with the toothed wheel (26) for the feeding-out and the retuming of the pivotal saw assembly (13).
    [6] 6. . A harvester head as claimed in claim 5, wherein the shock absorber (190) comprises a spring holder (191) mounted in an axial bore (71) in the piston rod (19), said springholder (191) having a head (192) and a shank (193), said head (192) proj ecting axiallyfrom an axial end surface (70) of the piston rod (19), said shank (193) being surroundedby at least one compression spring (194) compressed between the head (192) and abottom (72) of the axial bore (71).
    [7] 7. . A harvester head as claimed in claim 6, wherein the axial bore (71) is displaced radially from a longitudinal axis of the piston rod (19).
    [8] 8. . A harvester head as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein the spring holder (191) is locked to the piston rod (19) by means of a crosswise extending pin (195), and one of the head(192) and the piston rod (19) has a crosswise extending bore (196) for the pin (195)dimensioned to perrnit the pin (195) to move diametrically in the crosswise extendingbore (196) in the axial direction of the spring holder (191).
    [9] 9.
    [10] 10.
    [11] 11. 11 (12) A harvester head as claimed in any one of claims 6-8, Wherein said at least one compression spring (194) is a stack (197) of Belleville Washers. A harvester head as claimed in claim 9, Wherein the Belleville Washers are arranged in a plurality of consecutive stacks (197, 198) With altemating opposed orientation. A harvester head as claimed in any one of claims 6-10, Wherein the shank (193) has anend provided With a threaded bore, said at least one spring (194) extends along theentire length of the shank (193), and a screw (199) having a head of slightly largerdiameter than a diameter of the shank (193) is screWed into the threaded bore to keepsaid at least one spring (194) on the shank (193) during mounting of the shock absorber(190).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FI127044B|2017-10-13|
    NZ628700A|2015-06-26|
    FI20145719A|2015-02-28|
    SE537941C2|2015-12-01|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    2021-03-30| NUG| Patent has lapsed|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1350982A|SE537941C2|2013-08-27|2013-08-27|damping device|SE1350982A| SE537941C2|2013-08-27|2013-08-27|damping device|
    NZ628700A| NZ628700B|2013-08-27|2014-08-13|Damping device|
    FI20145719A| FI127044B|2013-08-27|2014-08-14|Mute|
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